Donald Trump meets Xi Jinping in Shenzhen this week with his push for home-grown critical minerals still years from paying off, while a scandal around Nvidia’s former chief has hardened the mood in Washington against easing chip curbs.
MoneyTurkey | Politics | 15 November 2026
Key points
- Trump and Xi are expected to meet on Thursday on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Shenzhen, with Vladimir Putin due to join three-way talks
- Many US mining, refining and magnet projects remain years from production, leaving American manufacturers reliant on Chinese rare earths and magnets
- The US-China trade truce, which includes waivers on some Chinese mineral export controls, runs to 10 January
- Lawmakers in both parties are using the Nvidia scandal to press for tighter chip export controls
Minerals: the unfinished part of the plan
Trump goes into the talks with a key part of his trade strategy unfinished, Reuters reported: a domestic supply of the critical minerals used in semiconductors, robotics, weapons and the artificial intelligence boom. Despite billions of dollars of federal investment, many US projects remain years from production, which limits how hard Trump can press Xi on tariffs and export controls without risking access to metals and magnets, analysts told the agency.
The gap is widest in magnets. US capacity for neodymium-iron-boron magnets, used in electric vehicles and military equipment, was about 4,500 tonnes a year in 2025, against about 210,000 tonnes in China, according to International Energy Agency figures cited by Reuters. China accounted for 94% of permanent magnet production in 2024, the IEA says.
Projects that could narrow the gap are some way off. A $7.4 billion refinery in Tennessee backed by South Korea’s Korea Zinc is not expected to open until 2030, and Lithium Americas’ Thacker Pass lithium mine in Nevada is due to start production in 2028, according to Reuters. More than $2.5 billion in federal loans and equity has gone into US rare earth companies such as MP Materials and USA Rare Earth, The Business Times reported.
Truce on the table
China this month extended its pause on export controls for some critical minerals to 10 January, preserving the truce agreed in Busan in November 2025, The National and Nikkei Asia reported. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Trade Representative Jamieson Greer told Vice Premier He Lifeng in a call that Beijing must fully implement its commitments, particularly on rare earths and farm purchases. Reuters said the two leaders may agree to extend the truce, which caps US tariffs on Chinese goods at about 20%, according to Nikkei Asia.
Chips: the Nvidia scandal hardens the mood
Lawmakers on both sides of Congress are seizing on reports about Jensen Huang, who stepped down as Nvidia’s chief executive on Thursday, to press for tighter technology export controls, the Associated Press reported. Huang has apologised for being unfaithful to his wife. US officials suspect Alice Huang, a former executive at Singapore-based Nvidia customer Megaspeed, of being a Chinese spy, according to The New York Times, but the Justice Department has not reached a conclusion and Beijing calls the allegation unsubstantiated. Megaspeed said on Sunday she left the company in August 2025 and that it has started an internal investigation, CNBC and the AP reported.
Several congressional Democrats have written to Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick demanding an immediate halt to exports of advanced AI chips to China. The Senate version of a defence policy bill would let Congress review licences for such sales and have the Commerce Department track chips to prevent diversion. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said the US “should stop fabricating the ‘Chinese spy’ narratives as a pretext for imposing technology restrictions.” Senior US officials said Trump does not plan to confront Xi over the Nvidia issue, according to the AP.
Nvidia once held about 95% of China’s market for advanced AI chips before US export curbs, according to Huang’s own past remarks reported by the AP and Fortune. Trump approved sales of its H200 chips, which are advanced but not its most powerful, earlier this year.
What to watch
- Whether Trump and Xi extend the trade truce beyond 10 January
- Any new US chip export measures, and whether Beijing answers with fresh rare earth curbs
- The three-way talks with Putin, which European leaders have urged Washington to approach with “no surprises” on Ukraine
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For information only. Not investment advice.
Sources
- Reuters via Investing.com: Trump’s minerals push has yet to loosen China’s grip ahead of Xi talks: https://www.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/analysistrumps-minerals-push-has-yet-to-loosen-chinas-grip-ahead-of-xi-talks-5027826
- IEA: Rare Earth Elements, executive summary: https://www.iea.org/reports/rare-earth-elements/executive-summary
- The Business Times: 5 US-China questions looming over Shenzhen Apec: https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/international/global/ai-chips-rare-earths-and-trade-5-us-china-questions-looming-over-shenzhen-apec-ceo-summit
- The National: China extends pause on rare earth export curbs: https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/us/2026/11/09/china-extends-pause-on-rare-earth-export-curbs-for-two-months/
- Nikkei Asia: US urges China to meet rare-earths commitments: https://asia.nikkei.com/economy/trade-war/trump-tariffs/us-urges-china-to-meet-rare-earths-commitments-ahead-of-trump-xi-meetings
- Daily Sabah (AP): Nvidia case reflects US-China tech rivalry: https://www.dailysabah.com/business/tech/nvidia-case-reflects-us-china-tech-rivalry-just-ahead-of-trump-visit
- NBC News (AP): Megaspeed says Alice Huang left in 2025: https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/alice-huang-megaspeed-jensen-huang-nvidia-rcna609406
- CNBC: Megaspeed launches internal probe: https://www.cnbc.com/2026/11/15/megaspeed-alice-huang-probe-nvidia-scandal.html
- Fortune: Nvidia went from 95% market share in China to 0%: https://fortune.com/2025/10/19/jensen-huang-nvidia-china-market-share-ai-chips-trump-trade-war/
- The Guardian: Albanese welcomes Trump-Xi-Putin summit: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2026/nov/15/anthony-albanese-welcomes-trump-xi-putin-summit-even-as-european-leaders-express-reservations
